Vision 2020 in Malaysia An Analysis

Vision 2020 in Malaysia An emergelineAbstractionTo achieve a fantasy during a prospicient time is very difficult because it unavoidably a lot of means and also peoples consent in order to be realized. Malaysia is the best face to learn how cig bette achieve a strategic plan by studying its vision that called (wawasan 2020).In this article our group wants to give a general view on the big project in Malaysian history i.e. vision 2020 (wawasan 2020). Firstly, we start by having a look to its definition, and then we want to visualise whatever fields which these visions focused on achieving its goals, and the repugns which are facing the vision nowadays.IntroductionMalaysia is champion of the soonest countries in the world due to Dr. Mahathir who conceived of Vision 2020 and encouraged all Malaysians to achieve this goal by sacramental manduction in this plan. Vision 2020 has come from a personnel vision -Mahathirs vision- and it very quickly became a issue Vision due to th e excellent communicator of this Vision by the prime minister and his government members. The Vision sets rising and higher goals for field of study aspiration, and this vision contri notwithstandinge dramatically in changing the way Malaysians see themselves and the care of their shared destiny. No considerableer are we resigned to the fact that we are a developing country that exit, at best, remain sec rate. Malaysians are urged by the autochthonic Minister to strive to be the best and non settle for the second best. There is nonhing that we are not capable of doing, if we are prepared to cypher hard and use our ingenuity and resourcefulness.vision 2020(wawasan 2020)The following text is from the Malaysia vision web site , its pardon the vision 2020 maped by Dr Mahathir Mohamed at the Malaysian Business Council.The purpose of this paper is to present ahead you some thoughts on the future course of our nation and how we should go about to attain our quarry of developi ng Malaysia into an modify country. Also outlined are some measures that should be in place in the shorter term so that the foundations can be laid for the long journey towards that ultimate objective.Hope amply the Malaysian who is born today and in the years to come allow be the last generation of our citizens who will be quick in a country that is called developing. The ultimate objective that we should aim for is a Malaysia that is a amply veritable country by the year 2020.What, you might rightly ask, is a fully developed country? Do we want to be akin any(prenominal)(prenominal) particular country of the present 19 countries that are chiefly regarded as developed countries? Do we want to be care the United Kingdom, like Canada, like Holland, like Sweden, like Finland, like Japan? To be sure, each of the 19, out of a world community of to a greater extent than 160 states, has its strengths. But each also has its fair share of weaknesses. Without being a duplicate of any of them we can still be developed. We should be a developed country in our own mould.Malaysia should not be developed only in the sparing sense. It must be a nation that is fully developed along all the dimensions economically, politically, socially, spiritually, psychologically and culturally. We must be fully developed in toll of national unity and social cohesion, in terms of our economy, in terms of social justice, political st qualification, trunk of government, quality of life, social and spiritual values, national pride and confidence. 01Some policies and strategies of vision 2020 ( wawasan 2020 )the Malaysia economic insurance and outlineThis new insurance policy can be considered an add-on document to the NEP it provides a framework towards Dr. Mahathirs new vision 2020 plan symbolizing the way forward policy towards a developed nation in 2020. This will require the nation to remark a 7-plus percent growth rates for the next 25 years. Prime Minister Mahathir belie ves raising workforce quality and developing expertise in sophisticated industries are deciding(prenominal) elements in the countrys road to economic success and development (Brown 1993 43). In order to urge these growth requirements, the NDP has relaxed many another(prenominal) of the FDI restrictions impose by the NEP such as equity and licensing requirements and procedures.The purpose of the industrial Master Plan which was hypothesise by the United Nations Industrial. 02 Malaysia economic policy focuses on some fields to achieve its purposes Export Facilitation. bit Substitution. Tariff Structure, Strategic Exposure.Export FacilitationThe economic rationale of Malaysia to promote exports provides the nation with three important advantages.First, it generates contrary-exchange that can reduce the amount of foreign debt needed to fund development.Second, it contributes to developing a competitive attention bag from learning from investors- a move that brings expert excel lence leading to higher value-added exports. By the promotion of ad hoc industries, such as the semi-conductor industry, has speeded technology acquisition and enhanced the nations competitive World considerable positioning.Finally, FDI provides employment in the industry area, which to a large extent is attracted from the clownish sector. 02 Tariff StructureAs a link to the policy of maintaining a stable economy with past budget strategies of controlling inflation, there contain been major reductions and abolishment of import duties on goods and services. The 1995 budget proposes a reduction of tariffs imposed on over 2,600 items of which a absolute majority is food items (Budget 1995 22). Also, tariffs on building materials and household appliances have been reduced. These measures will not only control inflation, but also enhance the quality of life and favor the overall climate for investments. However, Ad Valorem taxes are imposed on imported goods and services (refer to Appendix 4) 02 .Import SubstitutionEconomic development in Malaysia was offshoot built on the basis of Import Substitution, indicated by the large shift of GNP distribution from agricultural sectors to manufacturing sectors. Import substitution has increased in mainly three areas, transport equipment, Industrial chemicals and fertilizers and in Industrial machinery (Onn 1988 28). However, exports constitute the main source of growth in the manufacturing sector from 1970-1990 (refer to appendix 6). This trend can be explained by economic policy that places great emphasis on improving industrial competitiveness as a vehicle towards vision 2020. 02 Strategic ExposureStrategic characterization represents a crucial share in Strategic Trade Theory. The rationale behind lowering barriers to trade and exposing local industry to foreign competition is to create a more competitive domestic industry (Hamilton 1989 4). Such a take aim Playing Field policy will force local firms to increa se their competitiveness to survive.Strategic exposure represents a direct link to becoming an industrialized nation by 2020 and the realization of economic goals. Incorporating FDI as a strategic measure to enhance technological know-how can reduce domestic learning and down curves in selected industries. By giving foreign investors considerable tax deductible incentives in areas such as training of local employees, research and development and in promotion of exports Malaysia has been able to increase World wide competitiveness as demonstrated by increasing exports and GDP (Carrol, Errion 1991 21). Malaysia aims for the year 2000 to have at to the lowest degree 1.6% of GDP spent on RD and is predicting that at least 40% will come from the snobby sector 02 higher(prenominal) educations policy and strategy UniversitiesIn Malaysia, with the cooperation of the local universities formulate and create action plans for renewing engineering education in preparation for the profession al expectations of the future. As a result, the universities are urged to act and play a leadership determination in improving the engineering education.Interaction with local and overseas industries should also be increased. This will help oneself more realistic and relevant joint projects for students and industry professionals. Through this interaction, universities will face a innovation of real-world multi-disciplinary problems that are similar to the business operational problems locally and internationally. These problems can be used as run cases for solution approaches. engineering science students could form interdisciplinary collaborative teams to develop effective solutions to such problems. As a result, the desired attributes for the future engineers, for example, the ability to function on multidisciplinary team, the ability to identify and solve engineering problems, the ability to understand the professional and ethical responsibility and the ability to communica te effectively can be achieved. 03. radical and FacilitiesUniversities need to establish consensus on relevancy of a set of a new fundamental for engineering education. This may include breeding technology, bio-engineering, nano-skill-technologies, skills and understanding necessary for effectively leading multidisciplinary-teams, the altercates of framing and addressing large- dental plate system-of-systems problems, sustainability, lifecycle focusing of systems, risk-based asset management, and the need of lifelong learning, globalization, demographic realities and need for smorgasbord 03 .AcademicianThe pedagogy of engineering education must be changed. According to Felder many students in the United States fail to excel with only the assist of traditional method acting used in teaching engineering. Engineering students prefer active teaching method .Therefore the traditional teaching engineering gravel must be changed to a new teaching model in line with the engineers of t he 21st century. The future engineering education program should include the use of ICT (Information colloquy Technology). This idea suggested by many undergraduate engineering students. The ICT genre involves the use of all tools in the forms of software, online program and resources to create new and improved conditions for learning, for example the use of e-learning, email, word processor, and web resources (both static selective information and dynamic interactive information) 03.Using ICT in educationThe concept of ICT in education, as seen by the Ministry of Education of Malaysia, includes systems that enable information gathering, management, manipulation, entry, and communication in divers(a) forms. The Ministry has formulated three main policies for ICT in education. The runner policy is that of ICT for all students, meaning that ICT is used as an enabler to reduce the digital gap mingled with the schools.The second policy emphasizes the role and function of ICT in education as a teaching and learning tool, as part of a subject, and as a subject by itself. Apart from radio and television as a teaching and learning tool, this policy stresses the use of the computer for accessing information, communication, and as a productivity tool. ICT as part of a subject refers to the use of software in subjects such as Invention and Engineering Drawing. ICT as a subject refers to the introduction of subjects such as Information Technology and Computerization.The third policy emphasizes using ICT to increase productivity, efficiency and effectiveness of the management system. ICT will be extensively used to automate and mechanize work processes such as the processing of official forms, timetable generation, management of information systems, lesson planning, financial management, and the sustenance of inventories. 04 health policy and strategyThe MOHs vision for the future and the strategic objectives are based on its incorporated values that incorporate professionalism, teamwork and fondness.Strategic Goals Prevent and reduce the burden of diseaseEnhance the healthcare bringing system Optimize resources Improve research and developmentManage crisis and disasters effectivelyStrengthen the health information management systemStrategies Improve governance, and adoption of appropriate technology and servicePractices to empower individuals, families and communities towards attaining lifelong wellness. split skills and competencies to further reduce mortality and morbidity rates in furtherance of strengthening the quality of healthcare delivery.Establish effective business strategies to enhance organizationalPerformance and the consumption of resources.Increase the use of differentiate through research to support all levels of decision making.Elevate the level of preparedness in managing disasters and health-related crises effectively. rear the standards of information and communication technology as well as health informatics to mai ntain phonate health information Management 05. biologic vicissitude policy and strategyPrinciplesThe vision 2020 (wawasan2020) in biologic diversity based on the following principles The conservation ethic, including the inherent right to existence of all documentation forms, is deeply rooted in the religious and cultural values of all MalaysiansBiological diversity is a national heritage and it must be sustainably managed and wisely utilized today and conserved for future generationsBiological resources are natural capital and their conservation is an investment that will yield benefits locally, nationally and globally for the present and futureThe benefits from sustainable management of biologic diversity will accrue, directly or indirectly, to every sector of societyThe sustainable management of biological diversity is the responsibility of all sectors of societyIt is the duty of governing to formulate and implement the policy framework for sustainable management and utili zation of biological diversity in close cooperation with scientists, the business community and the prevalentThe role of local communities in the conservation, management and utilization of biological diversity must be recognized and their rightful share of benefits should be ensuredIssues in biological diversity transcend national boundaries and Malaysia must continue to exercise a proactive and constructive role in international activitiesThe interdependence of nations on biological diversity and in the utilization of its components for the well-being of mankind is recognized. transnational cooperation and collaboration is vital for fair and equitable sharing of biological resources, as well as access to and transfer of relevant technologyPublic awareness and education is essential for ensuring the conservation of biological diversity and the sustainable utilization of its components in the utilization of biological diversity, including the development of biotechnology, the prin ciples and practice of biosafety should be adhered to 06.ObjectivesTo optimize economic benefits from sustainable utilization of the components of biological diversityTo ensure long-term food security for the nationTo maintain and improve environmental stability for proper functioning of ecological systemsTo ensure preservation of the unique biological heritage of the nation for the benefit of present and future generationsTo enhance scientific and technological knowledge, and educational, social, cultural and esthetical values of biological diversityTo emphasize biosafety considerations in the development and application of biotechnology06Challenges of establishing vision 2020(wawasan 2020) The outgrowth of these is the challenges of establishing a united Malaysian nation with a sense of common and shared destiny.The second is the challenge of creating a psychologically liberated, secure, and developed Malaysian Society with faith and confidence in itself, justifiably noble of w hat it is, of what it has accomplished, robust enough to face all manner of adversity.The third challenge we have always face is that of fostering and developing a mature democratic society, practicing a form of mature consensual, community-oriented Malaysian commonwealth that can be a model for many developing countries.The fourth is the challenge of establishing a fully moral and ethical society, whose citizens are strong in religious and spiritual values and imbued with the highest of ethical standards.The twenty percent challenge that we have always faced is the challenge of establishing a matured, liberal and tolerant society in which Malaysians of all colors and creeds are free to practice and profess their customs, cultures and religious beliefs and yet feeling that they endure to one nation.The sixth is the challenge of establishing a scientific and progressive society, a society that is innovative and forward-looking, and one that is not only a consumer of technology bu t also a contributor to the scientific and technological civilization of the future.The seventh challenge is the challenge of establishing a fully caring society and a caring culture, a social system in which society will come before self, in which the well-being of the people will revolve not rough the state or the individual but around a strong and resilient family system.The eighth is the challenge of ensuring an economically just society. This is a society in which there is a fair and equitable distribution of the wealth of the nation, in which there is full confederation in economic progress. Such a society cannot be in place so long as there is the identification of race with economic function, and the identification of economic backwardness with race.The ninth challenge is the challenge of establishing a prosperous society, with an economy that is fully competitive, dynamic, robust and resilient. 07 DiscussionIs Malaysia on track to 2020? This is the about important ques tion every time the issue of Malaysia 2020 has been raised. And it is important to measure and evaluate the strategies and policies to keep Malaysia on track to 2020 Siddiquee (2006) 08 indicated that the recent reforms represent Malaysias attempt to remain relevant and competitive in a fastly changing local and global environment. It is clear that the changes are largely consistent with NPM (National Public Management) principles and they are not only geared towards enhancing efficiency and institutional capacity of the governmental machinery, they also seek to transform it into a dynamic, market-driven and customer-oriented administration.It is true that Malaysia is ahead of other developing countries in terms of ICT infra bodily structure and its usage, however, there is a long way to go before Malaysia can catch up with other regional leaders like Singapore and South Korea. Presently, not only the number and types of services offered through such channels are limited but also the public access to such services is inadequate. On the one hand, the public awareness about such facilities is relatively low on the other hand, pilot projects being carried out have exposed a variety of challenges Therefore, the reforms, although generally seen as steps in the right direction, have not brought about dramatic improvements in the public sector.An analysis of the public sector competence of 12 Asian countries from 1999 to 2001/2002 by the Global Competitiveness Report shows that Malaysias ranking has dropped from 46 in 1999 to 65 in 2001/2002. Malaysia has fared poorly compared with neighboring Singapore, which has ranked first for three consecutive years. Measured on a 0-7 scale (where 0 means least competent and 7 means the most competent), Malaysias scores are 2.24, 2.50 and 2.10 against Singapores 4.52, 4.4 and 4.7 during the kindred period. What is even more surprising is that Malaysias 2001/2002 ranking is below that of Thailand (44), Indonesia (48), and the Philippines (58).The Malaysian experience shows that there is hardly any quick fix to the problems of the public sector and that there is a long way to go before the goals envisioned are realized.Malaysia has, despite its efforts to develop ICT especially in the Multi Media Super Corridor, receded from place 25 (in 1997) on a relative competitiveness scale of infrastructure development to place 38 (out of 49 countries in 2001).Malaysia still implement new ways to achieve its goal The government have started implementing several initiatives to facilitate the smooth development of knowledge economy, particularly in the areas of science and technology (ST), research and development, info structure and financing. Examples of some of these initiatives include the launching of the National IT Agenda (NITA) and the Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC). These initiatives is to position itself in the global-map of knowledge-based economies and to initiate measures in ensuring that equitable acce ss is targeted to all segments of Malaysia society. As a whole, k-economy provides the means to maintain sustainable rapid economic growth and competitiveness in the medium and long term. As mentioned earlier, the private sector will continue to become the engine of growth in k-economy with support from the public sector. At the same time, the objective of social and economic equity will still be a critical element in this new stage of economic development but with the added responsibility of narrowing the knowledge gap among various groups, between urban and rural communities and across the regions. Hence, having the national policies and plans in place to drive human resources, private and public sector to achieve k-economy, who is responsible for coordinating and administration of the plans, policies and strategies implemented (Abdullah, Rose Kumar (2007))09.conclusion contempt Malaysia have achieved many goals from 1981 till now, there are many difficulties that encounter Malay sia for achieving visions 2020 and there are a lot of problems have to be solved such as the following problems The big gap between Malay and Chinese and Indian citizens between each others whether in communication, dealing, relationships.The non-stabilization in the leaderships of Malaysia government since 2000.Inefficiency to build a new generation to adopt vision 2020 completely.Weakness of awareness of Malaysians society to implement vision 2020. instruction on development of the big cities like KL, PENANG and disregard the other villages.References http//www.wawasan2020.com/vision/p4.htmln.http//www.geocities.com/TimesSquare/1848/malay.html.N. M. Nor1, N. Rajab2 and K.M. Ismail3 ,Educating the Engineer of 2020 Malaysian Scenario ,University Teknologi Malaysia . College of experience and Technology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.Chan, Foong-Mae ,ICT in Malaysian Schools Policy and Strategies ,Educational Technology Division, Ministry of Education, Malaysia, October 2002 from http//gau ge.u-gakugei.ac.jpMinistry of Health Malaysia Strategic Plan 2006-2010,April 2008 from http//www.moh.gov.my/MohPortal/Pelan%20Strategik%20KKM%202006-2010.pdfOfficial declaration ,Malaysias national policy on biological diversity, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Ministry of Science, Environment and Technology, pp 23 , Thursday April 16 1998.http//www.primeministersofmalaysia.net/2020.phpSiddiquee, A., N., (2006) Public management reform in Malaysia International Journal of Public Sector Management 19(4) 339-358.Abdullah, H., Rose, C., R., and Kumar, N. (2007) Human Resource Development Strategies The Malaysian Scenario. Journal of Social Science 3(4) 213-222.